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・ Chamaesphecia gorbunovi
・ Chamaesphecia hungarica
・ Chamaesphecia lemur
・ Chamaesphecia leucopsiformis
・ Chamaesphecia masariformis
・ Chamaesphecia maurusia
・ Chamaesphecia minoica
・ Chamaesphecia minor
・ Chamaesphecia mysiniformis
・ Chamaesphecia nigrifrons
・ Chamaesphecia osmiaeformis
・ Chamaesphecia oxybeliformis
・ Chama cha Haki na Ustawi
・ Chama Cha Kijamii
・ Chama cha Kiswahili cha Taifa
Chama Cha Mapinduzi
・ Chama Cha Mapinduzi presidential primaries, 2015
・ Chama Cha Mariamu Mtakatifu
・ Chama cha Ukombozi wa Umma
・ Chama Cha Uzalendo
・ Chama congregata
・ Chama District
・ Chama gryphoides
・ Chama lazarus
・ Chama macerophylla
・ Chama Milind
・ Chama River (Rio Grande)
・ Chama River (Venezuela)
・ Chama River Canyon Wilderness
・ Chama sarda


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Chama Cha Mapinduzi : ウィキペディア英語版
Chama Cha Mapinduzi

The Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM; English: ''Party of the Revolution'') is the dominant ruling party in Tanzania and the longest reigning ruling party in Africa. It was formed in 1977 following the merger of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) and the Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP) which were the sole operating parties in mainland Tanzania and the semi-autonomous islands of Zanzibar respectively.
Since the restoration of the multi-party system, CCM has retained its popularity, winning all the past four general elections in 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010. Jakaya Kikwete, its presidential candidate in 2005, won by a landslide receiving more than 80% of the popular vote. In the last election, it won 186 of the 239 constituencies, continuing to hold an outright majority in the National Assembly.
==History==
The party was created on February 5, 1977, under the leadership of Julius Nyerere, through the merger of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), the ruling party in Tanganyika, and the Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP), the ruling party in Zanzibar.
TANU/CCM has dominated the politics of Tanzania since the independence of Tanganyika in 1962. Due to the merger with the ASP, from 1977 it has also been the ruling party in Zanzibar, though there its grip on power has been more contested by the Civic United Front (CUF).
From its formation until 1992, it was the only legally permitted party in the country. Every five years, its national chairman was automatically elected to a five-year term as president; he was confirmed in office via a referendum. At the same time, voters were presented with two CCM candidates for the National Assembly or Bunge. This changed on July 1, 1992, when amendments to the Constitution and a number of laws permitting and regulating the formation and operations of more than one political party were enacted by the National Assembly.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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